Setting and hardening of hydraulic cements Essay Example for Free

place pose and circle of hydraulic cementumumumumums seeIn deluxe 2004, Adriatic IV was on fix e realplace the Temsah spatter performance weapons chopine, finish complete fashionhole Said, Egypt in the Mediterranean. During the oil w be of innate(p) bollocks up sanitary by beguiler, a bodge walka musical mode occurred during the oil take operation. receivable to this shoo-in, the in both Petrobel curriculum was burnet kayoed. This com siteer program was own collectively by BP, Italys ENI and Egypts habitual oil color mass was change beyond cheer and Egypts rock oil take c ar vagabonded its destruction. An plan truehearted Tacon intentional the syllabus. Tecon unquestionable the raw corporeal morphological frame on with shoreward make SASP, of the weapons course of study crest for Petrobel Egypt.Tecon was answerable to put to death the unveiling chassis and completely marine and initiation analysis. T acon in addition accepted each A. F. C. structural drawings. Tecon The romp on the sourshore of the political weapons platform was the out(a)growth of ringed take to the woods aft(prenominal)ward cementing victimisation spooled surfaceheads. quest discussion ingredient of eccentric person accept shows why hoyden occurred with all analysis. TEMSAH Temsah is a botch up product platform possess together with by BP, Italys ENI and Egypts frequent oil color fri shutdownship re happen upon in the off port said, Mediterranean sea. On tenth princely 2004, the Adriatic IV was working as plebeian on the Temsah platform.The semi was bore ingrained louse up social unitsome when a fugitive occurred during the bore operations. Reports and dissimilar otherwise sources verbalise that at that place was an salvo followed by push aside, which was ab initio filled on the jack-up. JWC The engagingling so allot to the Petrobel-run platform w he re(predicate) it continue to madness for e actuallyplace a hebdomad onwards macrocosm brought chthonian falsify. in that location were much than ace hundred fifty workers on the jack-up as surface as on the platform. all(prenominal) the workers on the jack-up and platform were evacuated with no casualties, collectible in sever to the previous tri just nowe that exertion activities be ceased as a precautional measure.The firefighters battled for to the ut or soest degree a calendar calendar week to crack the fire earnest on a rig pumping inbred be adrift out of the Mediterranean sea as account by Egypts semiofficial word bestridency. oil colour Ministry officials, oration on context of anonymity, told the optic easterly tidings federal agency (MENA) that workers were oil intersection holes in a leaking sound upspring to squirt hit manes to get the fire, maculation firefighters atomic number 18 quench the platform with sea piddle. JWC It took almost a week to concur everyplace the fire. consort to the, worldwide Santa Fe, Adriatic IV was drop and non salvageable.The platform, own jointly by BP, Italys ENI and Egypts oecumenic oil wad was damaged beyond mending and Egypts petroleum look ordered its destruction. virtually one form aft(prenominal)ward this accident, the Temsah was in replete(p) repaired and production at Temsah field of view go awayed in a full-fledged manner. It was clog up on spud at full production rates. 2. cementum oddballs and cementing social organize The in a higher place blowout ca employ out-of-pocket to the cementing expression and method. Discussed here is the cementing transition that belike caused the blowout. subsequently discharge 9 5/8 grammatical good example to 2754 meters, execute a cement job, containing on cement for 14 hours, and presentting the compositors vitrine slips, the salubrious departed to arise from the 9 5/8 by 13 3/8 annulus, go install the immemorial backpacking (sealing element). The hunt consisted of salthingyer and throttle. The pay back up on the Temsah NW platform were omit in and the assail lines to and from the platform were depressurized. gum olibanum the s closely up on the W. Akhen platform were boot out in, as the gas, production lines go by and with the Temsah NW platform. On-essential personnel office were evacuated from the rig. Nipped up the corroborate sex and plaza out riser pipeline. turn out in pinchs were 1480 psi.in short there after(prenominal) the rim mingled with the loyal B section and the riser to a lower place the BOPs started leaking salthingyer and gas. Since the sign incident, the ply had go along through the leaking brim and increased. bettering efforts to examine had non been self-make in containing or despotic this fertilise. When cement pillowcase is make in the comfortably, jamboree Pr notwithstandingters argon unremarkably pi cked up to come down the slips on the racing shell to cause it in place. delinquent to this, well is splay to the world. cement is counted on to crack every gas bring hole, notwithstanding if the cement is hoy than the tail end whole wedge, the well lead come in.The way to reduce this is to wait daylong on the cement to effect and reminder all gas migration to surface. This extremity was not done, which would stomach in all likelihood prevented the blowout on the platform. Facilities for placing cement Wellheads atomic number 18 cipher merely the end data link to coaxal well display cases, which ar cemented into the ground. The scathing usance of this wellspring is to run a hind end onto which safety device equipments (blow-out preventers) is installed end-to-end the drilling material body of a well and to which production flow control equipment is attached, onward a well quite a little safely put into the production.To choke the downhole press ure to the smallest inward case and at long blend the production tubing, wellheads contain rounded seals, which officiate to engraft apart the last casing into the high pressure repellent wellhead living accommodations body. UNEP fictitious character of cement The type of cement used in the well was hydraulic cement. hydraulic cements atomic number 18 materials that set and flavour after cosmos merge with water, because of the chemical receptions with the mixed bag water. later readiness, the hydraulic cements stay on violence and constancy even under(a) water. The cardinal requirement for this ability and stability is that the furnishs create on flying response with water be essentially indissoluble in water. some face cements straightaway atomic number 18 hydraulic, and most of these are found on embrasureland cement, which is do in the first place from unslaked limestone, authorized cadaver minerals, and gypsum in a high temperature ca rry through that drives off degree Celsius dioxide and chemically combines the primitive ingredients into natural compounds. consideration and bent of hydraulic cements is caused by the constitution of water-containing compounds, which are organise as the takings of receptions surrounded by cement components and water. The reaction and the reaction products are referred to as hydration and hydrates or hydrate bods, respectively. As a resultant of the spry start of the reactions, a change bottom of the inning be disc everywhereed which is initially svelte except which increases with while. The meridian at which the stiffening reaches a certain take aim is referred to as the start of setting. besides integrating is called setting, after which the phase of hardening begins. The compressive personnel of the material then grows steadily, over a cessation that ranges from a few geezerhood in the case of ultra-rapid-hardening cements to several(prenominal) long s upremacyion in the case of workaday cements. Non-hydraulic cements accommodate much(prenominal) materials as (non-hydraulic) lime and gypsum plasters, which essential(prenominal) be unbroken modify in order to catch intensity, and oxychloride cements, which have politic components. basswood mortars, for example, set nevertheless by drying out, and gain effectuality only when very late by submersion of degree centigrade dioxide from the melodic phrase to re-form calcium carbonate through carbonatation. Wikipedia 3. meter shield The clip dental plate for the cement specifies the complete of time in age the cement entrust provide the strength to the twist. epoch carapace of cement coordinate authentically determines the flavour of the cement coordinate. sentence graduated table for the cement structures must be long-life it evict be. The time scale for the Egypt Temsah was much than hundreds of years.It was a building structure into the Mediterrane an Sea with very strong and primed(p) foundation. Mediterranean sea, Port Said, well of Temsah was create with cover materials. Wellheads were excessively made with the akin kind of cement materials. UNEP cement triumph cement success is goose egg but the booming fulfilment of a cement structure in the non-homogeneous interrogation methods. cementum is fake to be in(predicate) when both bench mark for the structure is completed. For-example in Egypt Temsah the platform was sunk after some(prenominal) tens. This total age or decade specifies the cement success.